29
Cu
Copper
63.546
Copper (Cu)
Transition MetalGroup 11Period 4d-block-block
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from Latin:cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange color.
Latin name: Cuprum
Atomic Number
29
Atomic Mass
63.546 g/mol
Phase (STP)
Solid
Electron Config.
[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹
General
SymbolCu
Atomic Number29
Atomic Mass63.546 g/mol
CategoryTransition Metal
Group11
Period4
Blockd-block
Electron Configuration[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹
Valence Electrons11
Colourreddish metallic
Appearancered-orange metallic luster
CAS NumberCAS7440-50-8
Physical Properties
Phase (STP)Solid
Density8.96 g/cm³
Melting Point1085.30°C · 1985.54°F · 1358.45 K
Boiling Point2561.85°C · 4643.33°F · 2835.00 K
Atomic Properties
Atomic Radius145 pm
Electronegativity1.9 Pauling
Ionization Energy745 kJ/mol
Oxidation States+1, +2
Ion ChargeCu+/Cu2+
Thermodynamic
Molar Heat24.44 J/(mol·K)
Crystal Structure
Crystal Structureface-centered cubic
Mechanical Properties
Mohs Hardness3
Abundance
In Earth's Crust0.6800%
Discovery & History
Discovered ByAncient
Isotopes of Copper
| Isotope | Abundance | Half-life | Decay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cu-63 | 69.17% | Stable | — |
| Cu-64 | — | 12.701 hours | β⁺, β⁻, EC |
| Cu-65 | 30.83% | Stable | — |