28
Ni
Nickel
58.693
Nickel (Ni)
Transition MetalGroup 10Period 4d-block-block
Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile.
Latin name: Niccolum
Atomic Number
28
Atomic Mass
58.693 g/mol
Phase (STP)
Solid
Electron Config.
[Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²
General
SymbolNi
Atomic Number28
Atomic Mass58.693 g/mol
CategoryTransition Metal
Group10
Period4
Blockd-block
Electron Configuration[Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²
Valence Electrons10
Colourlustrous silvery-metallic
Appearancelustrous, metallic, and silver with a gold tinge
CAS NumberCAS7440-02-0
Physical Properties
Phase (STP)Solid
Density8.912 g/cm³
Melting Point1454.85°C · 2650.73°F · 1728.00 K
Boiling Point2912.85°C · 5275.13°F · 3186.00 K
Atomic Properties
Atomic Radius149 pm
Electronegativity1.91 Pauling
Ionization Energy737 kJ/mol
Oxidation States+2, +3
Ion ChargeNi2+/Ni3+
Thermodynamic
Molar Heat26.07 J/(mol·K)
Crystal Structure
Crystal Structureface-centered cubic
Mechanical Properties
Mohs Hardness4
Abundance
In Earth's Crust0.8000%
Discovery & History
Discovery Year1751
Discovered ByAxel Fredrik Cronstedt
Country of DiscoverySweden
Isotopes of Nickel
| Isotope | Abundance | Half-life | Decay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ni-58 | 68.077% | Stable | — |
| Ni-60 | 26.223% | Stable | — |
| Ni-61 | 1.14% | Stable | — |
| Ni-62 | 3.634% | Stable | — |
| Ni-63 | — | 100.1 years | β⁻ |
| Ni-64 | 0.926% | Stable | — |