25
Mn
Manganese
54.938
Manganese (Mn)
Transition MetalGroup 7Period 4d-block-block
Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is not found as a free element in nature; it is often found in combination with iron, and in many minerals. Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels.
Latin name: Manganese
Atomic Number
25
Atomic Mass
54.938 g/mol
Phase (STP)
Solid
Electron Config.
[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²
General
SymbolMn
Atomic Number25
Atomic Mass54.938 g/mol
CategoryTransition Metal
Group7
Period4
Blockd-block
Electron Configuration[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²
Valence Electrons7
Coloursilvery-metallic
Appearancesilvery metallic
CAS NumberCAS7439-96-5
Physical Properties
Phase (STP)Solid
Density7.21 g/cm³
Melting Point1245.85°C · 2274.53°F · 1519.00 K
Boiling Point2060.85°C · 3741.53°F · 2334.00 K
Atomic Properties
Atomic Radius161 pm
Electronegativity1.55 Pauling
Ionization Energy717 kJ/mol
Oxidation States+7, +4, +2
Ion ChargeMn2+/Mn3+/Mn7+
Thermodynamic
Molar Heat26.32 J/(mol·K)
Crystal Structure
Crystal Structurebody-centered cubic
Mechanical Properties
Mohs Hardness6
Abundance
In Earth's Crust0.1000%
Discovery & History
Discovery Year1774
Discovered ByJohann Gahn
Country of DiscoverySweden
Isotopes of Manganese
| Isotope | Abundance | Half-life | Decay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mn-53 | — | 3.74 × 10⁶ years | EC |
| Mn-55 | 100% | Stable | — |