7
N
Nitrogen
14.007
Nitrogen (N)
NonmetalGroup 15Period 2p-block-block
Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. It is the lightest pnictogen and at room temperature, it is a transparent, odorless diatomic gas. Nitrogen is a common element in the universe, estimated at about seventh in total abundance in the Milky Way and the Solar System.
Latin name: Nitrogenium
Atomic Number
7
Atomic Mass
14.007 g/mol
Phase (STP)
Gas
Electron Config.
[He] 2s² 2p³
General
SymbolN
Atomic Number7
Atomic Mass14.007 g/mol
CategoryNonmetal
Group15
Period2
Blockp-block
Electron Configuration[He] 2s² 2p³
Valence Electrons5
ColourColorless gas
Appearancecolorless gas, liquid or solid
CAS NumberCAS7727-37-9
Physical Properties
Phase (STP)Gas
Density0.001251 g/cm³
Melting Point-210.00°C · -346.00°F · 63.15 K
Boiling Point-195.79°C · -320.43°F · 77.36 K
Atomic Properties
Atomic Radius56 pm
Covalent Radius71 pm
Van der Waals Radius155 pm
Electronegativity3.04 Pauling
Ionization Energy1402 kJ/mol
Electron Affinity7 kJ/mol
Oxidation States-3, -2, -1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5
Ion ChargeN³⁻
Electromagnetic
Electrical TypeInsulator
Abundance
In Universe0.1000%
In Sun0.1000%
In Earth's Crust0.1900%
In Oceans0.0050%
In Humans2.6000%
In Meteorites1.4000%
Discovery & History
Discovery Year1772
Discovered ByDaniel Rutherford
Named ByJean-Antoine Chaptal
Isotopes of Nitrogen
| Isotope | Abundance | Half-life | Decay |
|---|---|---|---|
| N-14 | 99.636% | Stable | — |
| N-15 | 0.364% | Stable | — |